Enhancing Intercultural Competence through Virtual Reality and Artificial Intelligence: A Mixed-Method Study in an Indonesian Private University EFL Classroom

Abstract

In today’s globalized world, intercultural competence (IC) has become a critical skill in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. This study explores how the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can enhance IC among undergraduate EFL students at Universitas PGRI Delta in Sidoarjo. The objective is to examine the extent to which immersive technologies foster students’ awareness of cultural norms, empathy, and effective communication across cultures. A mixed-method approach was employed, involving 30 students who participated in VR-based simulations and AI-assisted language tasks. Data were collected through pre-test and post-tests, classroom observations, and student reflections. Findings indicate significant improvements in both cognitive and affective dimensions of IC. Students reported increased motivation, reduced bias, and more thoughtful language use when interacting in culturally diverse scenarios. However, access to technology and digital literacy emerged as challenges, particularly in rural settings. The study concludes that VR and AI can be powerful tools for developing intercultural sensitivity in EFL classrooms when supported by teacher mediation and contextualized content.