Strategy Development for Timber Extraction Cost Reduction Based on Road Design and Tree Volume Estimation

Abstract

This study explores strategies to reduce timber extraction costs by focusing on optimizing road design and accurate tree volume estimation. Using a qualitative research approach, this paper synthesizes insights from extensive literature and library research to identify key factors influencing cost efficiency in timber extraction operations. The study emphasizes the critical role of forest road networks, highlighting that optimal road density and layout directly impact transportation and harvesting expenses. Moreover, precise tree volume estimation methods enable better planning and resource allocation, reducing waste and enhancing operational efficiency. The literature review reveals various techniques for road design that balance cost, environmental impact, and timber accessibility, including spatial road optimization and adaptive road planning. Similarly, advancements in tree volume estimation through non-destructive techniques and modeling contribute to more accurate forecasting of harvestable timber, thus facilitating cost control. This research integrates these two domains to propose a strategic framework that forestry managers can apply to reduce costs while maintaining sustainable forest management practices. The findings underscore that a qualitative synthesis of existing research provides valuable guidelines for improving extraction logistics and resource estimation. Ultimately, this study offers a foundational strategy for stakeholders aiming to enhance economic and environmental outcomes in timber extraction processes.