Evaluation of Thermal Environment of Microclimate in Buildings in Hot and Humid Tropical Climate Through Architectural Element Intervention

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the microclimate thermal environment in buildings to obtain thermal comfort through architectural element interventions. The study covers two objects, namely public and residential buildings in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province - Indonesia. Data analysis is based on the ASHRAE 55 2022 standard. The data is processed with parametric statistics and then simulated to find a thermal prediction model. The results of the study indicate that the thermal environment with architectural element interventions through increasing water elements, ventilation area, and vegetation can be a microclimate modifier in buildings. The model was created by adding 2.0 m2 of ventilation area, adding 10% vegetation with shade plant characteristics, and moving water features in the form of fountains and adding 15% of the pool area so that the PMV + 0.23, PPD + 8%, TSV-1 - +0, Ta_25.7ºC, and relative humidity 63.5 - 66% values were obtained. The evaluation shows that the operating temperature can analyze the comfortable temperature range for visitors by >80% and is in accordance with the ASHRAE 55-2022 standard.