Blockchain-Enabled Framework for Securing IoT Data Transactions

Abstract

This study proposes a blockchain-enabled framework to secure data transactions in Internet of Things (IoT) systems, addressing critical challenges such as data integrity, privacy, and scalability. Using a qualitative research approach and a systematic literature review, the paper consolidates insights from existing studies to design a robust architecture that leverages blockchain's decentralization, transparency, and immutability. The framework integrates smart contracts for automated transaction execution and lightweight consensus algorithms to optimize performance in resource-constrained IoT environments. Additionally, it explores the use of distributed storage systems like IPFS to manage large-scale IoT data efficiently. The findings highlight blockchain's potential to mitigate IoT vulnerabilities, such as unauthorized access and data tampering, by replacing centralized control with decentralized mechanisms. However, challenges like high computational demands and energy consumption are acknowledged. The study concludes that aligning blockchain configurations with IoT-specific requirements is essential for achieving an optimal balance between security and efficiency. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on blockchain-based IoT security by providing a comprehensive framework adaptable to diverse use cases. Future work should focus on empirical validation of the proposed model and exploring hybrid solutions that combine blockchain with emerging technologies like edge computing.