Collaborative Learning Strategies in Developing Critical Thinking of Students in Mathematics

Abstract

Collaborative learning is an effective educational approach to improve students' critical thinking skills, especially in mathematics learning. This approach emphasizes cooperation between students to solve problems, share ideas, and come up with creative solutions. This research aims to identify collaborative learning strategies that can develop students' critical thinking skills in mathematics, as well as provide implementation recommendations in the curriculum. The method used is library research by analyzing various scientific journals, reference books, and policy documents published in the last five years. The results of the study show that collaborative learning strategies involving heterogeneous groups, contextual problem-solving, the role of teachers as facilitators, and the integration of digital technology are effective in developing students' critical thinking skills. In addition, teacher training and improving school infrastructure are important supporting factors for the implementation of this learning. By integrating collaborative strategies into the mathematics curriculum, students not only gain a deep conceptual understanding but also critical thinking skills relevant to the challenges of the 21st century. This research is expected to be a guide for educators and policymakers in improving the quality of mathematics education in Indonesia.