Economic Disparities and Social Challenges in Mining Regions: A Case Study Approach

Abstract

Mining is a strategic sector that contributes significantly to the national economy, but often raises economic disparities and social challenges in the surrounding area. This study aims to analyze economic inequality and social issues that arise in mining areas using a qualitative approach based on literature studies (library research). The data used are sourced from scientific journals, policy reports, and related literature published in the last 10 years. This study explores the relationship between mining activities and their impact on the welfare of local communities, access to public services, and inequality in the distribution of economic benefits. The results of the study show that mining areas tend to experience significant economic disparities. While mining companies make huge profits, local communities often face challenges in the form of limited access to education, health services, and basic infrastructure. In addition, social conflicts, such as tensions between companies and society, as well as environmental damage, have become dominant issues. The study also found that ineffective regulation and weak law enforcement exacerbated the situation, resulting in widespread inequality. The study concludes that although the mining sector makes a significant economic contribution, social challenges and economic inequality in mining areas require special attention. Inclusive policy recommendations and multi-stakeholder collaboration are essential to address these issues. These findings are expected to provide a basis for fairer and more sustainable policies in mining areas.